/* ==========================================================================
   Academic Philosophy Website - Stylesheet
   Clean, minimalist design for scholarly presence
   ========================================================================== */

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   CSS Custom Properties
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
:root {
  /* Colors */
  --color-white: #fff;
  --color-off-white: #fafafa;
  --color-light-gray: #f5f5f5;
  --color-mid-gray: #e0e0e0;
  --color-border: #ddd;
  --color-text: #333;
  --color-heading: #222;
  --color-accent: #1a3a5c;
  --color-accent-light: #24507a;
  --color-accent-faint: rgba(26, 58, 92, 0.06);
  --color-accent-border: rgba(26, 58, 92, 0.2);
  --color-muted: #666;
  --color-subtle: #888;

  /* Typography */
  --font-serif: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
  --font-sans: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI",
    Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;

  /* Spacing */
  --content-width: 800px;
  --content-width-wide: 900px;
  --spacing-xs: 0.25rem;
  --spacing-sm: 0.5rem;
  --spacing-md: 1rem;
  --spacing-lg: 1.5rem;
  --spacing-xl: 2rem;
  --spacing-2xl: 3rem;
  --spacing-3xl: 4rem;

  /* Transitions */
  --transition-fast: 150ms ease;
  --transition-base: 250ms ease;
  --transition-slow: 400ms ease-in-out;
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Reset & Base
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

html {
  font-size: 16px;
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
}

body {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  color: var(--color-text);
  background-color: var(--color-white);
  line-height: 1.7;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  display: block;
}

a {
  color: var(--color-accent);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color var(--transition-fast);
}

a:hover {
  color: var(--color-accent-light);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

a:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--color-accent);
  outline-offset: 2px;
  border-radius: 2px;
}

ul, ol {
  list-style: none;
}

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  color: var(--color-heading);
  line-height: 1.3;
  font-weight: 400;
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Layout: Content Wrapper
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.container {
  max-width: var(--content-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 var(--spacing-lg);
}

.container--wide {
  max-width: var(--content-width-wide);
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Site Header
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.site-header {
  padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-mid-gray);
  background-color: var(--color-white);
}

.site-header .container {
  text-align: left;
}

.site-title {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 2rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--color-heading);
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
}

.site-title a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.site-title a:hover {
  color: var(--color-accent);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.site-subtitle {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-weight: 400;
  margin-bottom: 0.15rem;
}

.site-chair {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--color-subtle);
  font-style: italic;
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Navigation
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.site-nav {
  background-color: var(--color-white);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-mid-gray);
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;
}

.site-nav .container {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  padding-top: 0;
  padding-bottom: 0;
}

.nav-list {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0;
}

.nav-list li {
  display: flex;
}

.nav-list a {
  display: block;
  padding: 0.75rem 1.25rem;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--color-text);
  text-decoration: none;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
  transition: color var(--transition-fast), border-color var(--transition-fast);
}

.nav-list a:hover {
  color: var(--color-accent);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-bottom-color: var(--color-accent);
}

.nav-list a.active,
.nav-list a[aria-current="page"] {
  color: var(--color-accent);
  border-bottom-color: var(--color-accent);
  font-weight: 600;
}

/* CV link: subtle external indicator */
.nav-list a.nav-cv::after {
  content: "";
  display: inline-block;
  width: 0.55em;
  height: 0.55em;
  margin-left: 0.3em;
  border-top: 1.5px solid currentColor;
  border-right: 1.5px solid currentColor;
  transform: translateY(-0.1em) rotate(45deg);
  opacity: 0.5;
}

/* Mobile nav toggle (hidden by default) */
.nav-toggle {
  display: none;
  background: none;
  border: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 0.5rem;
  color: var(--color-text);
}

.nav-toggle span {
  display: block;
  width: 22px;
  height: 2px;
  background: currentColor;
  margin: 5px 0;
  transition: transform var(--transition-base), opacity var(--transition-base);
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Main Content Area
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.site-main {
  padding: var(--spacing-2xl) 0 var(--spacing-3xl);
  min-height: 60vh;
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Page Headings & Section Headings
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.page-title {
  font-size: 1.75rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
  color: var(--color-heading);
  padding-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-mid-gray);
}

.section-title {
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--color-heading);
  margin-top: var(--spacing-2xl);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
  padding-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-light-gray);
}

.section-title:first-child {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.subsection-title {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--color-heading);
  margin-top: var(--spacing-xl);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bio Section (Homepage)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.bio {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--spacing-xl);
  align-items: flex-start;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-2xl);
}

.bio-text {
  flex: 1;
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.8;
}

.bio-text p {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.bio-text p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.bio-photo {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 250px;
  order: 1;
}

.bio-photo img {
  width: 100%;
  border-radius: 4px;
  box-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}

.bio-text {
  order: 0;
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Featured Card (e.g., Interview highlight on homepage)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.featured-card {
  background-color: var(--color-light-gray);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-mid-gray);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--color-accent);
  border-radius: 3px;
  padding: var(--spacing-lg) var(--spacing-xl);
  margin: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
}

.featured-card__label {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  color: var(--color-accent);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.featured-card__title {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--color-heading);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.featured-card__description {
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.featured-card a {
  font-weight: 500;
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Latest Papers Section (Homepage)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.latest-papers {
  margin: var(--spacing-2xl) 0;
}

.latest-papers .section-title {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.latest-papers-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--spacing-md);
}

.latest-paper-item {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: var(--spacing-md);
  padding: var(--spacing-sm) 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-light-gray);
}

.latest-paper-item:last-child {
  border-bottom: none;
}

.latest-paper-title {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--color-heading);
}

.latest-paper-title a {
  color: inherit;
}

.latest-paper-title a:hover {
  color: var(--color-accent);
}

.latest-paper-venue {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-style: italic;
  white-space: nowrap;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.latest-papers-more {
  margin-top: var(--spacing-lg);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

/* Personal aside (footer photo) */
.personal-aside {
  margin-top: var(--spacing-xl);
  padding-top: var(--spacing-xl);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--color-mid-gray);
  text-align: center;
}

.personal-aside__photo {
  display: block;
  margin: 0 auto;
  width: 250px;
  height: 250px;
  object-fit: cover;
  border-radius: 50%;
  opacity: 0.85;
}

.personal-aside__caption {
  margin-top: var(--spacing-sm);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--color-subtle);
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Publication List
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.publication-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.publication-entry {
  padding: var(--spacing-lg);
  background-color: var(--color-white);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-mid-gray);
  border-radius: 4px;
  transition: box-shadow var(--transition-base);
}

.publication-entry:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

.publication-year {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--color-subtle);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
}

.publication-title {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--color-heading);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.publication-venue {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-style: italic;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.publication-meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--spacing-sm);
  margin-top: var(--spacing-sm);
}

/* PDF Download Button */
.btn-pdf {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.35em;
  padding: 0.3em 0.75em;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--color-accent);
  background-color: var(--color-white);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-accent-border);
  border-radius: 3px;
  text-decoration: none;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  transition: background-color var(--transition-fast),
    color var(--transition-fast);
}

.btn-pdf:hover {
  background-color: var(--color-accent);
  color: var(--color-white);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.btn-pdf::before {
  content: "\2193"; /* Downward arrow */
  font-size: 0.9em;
}

/* External Link Button (e.g., SEP entry) */
.btn-link {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.35em;
  padding: 0.3em 0.75em;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  background-color: var(--color-white);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  border-radius: 3px;
  text-decoration: none;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  transition: background-color var(--transition-fast),
    color var(--transition-fast), border-color var(--transition-fast);
}

.btn-link:hover {
  border-color: var(--color-accent);
  color: var(--color-accent);
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* Award note (subtle inline mention) */
.publication-award {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--color-subtle);
  margin-top: var(--spacing-xs);
}

/* In-page section navigation */
.page-nav {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--spacing-lg);
  padding: var(--spacing-sm) 0 var(--spacing-lg);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-light-gray);
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.page-nav a {
  color: var(--color-muted);
  transition: color var(--transition-fast);
}

.page-nav a:hover {
  color: var(--color-accent);
  text-decoration: none;
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Expandable Abstract (Click to Reveal)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.abstract-toggle {
  display: inline-block;
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--color-accent);
  background: none;
  border: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 0;
  margin-top: var(--spacing-sm);
  transition: color var(--transition-fast);
}

.abstract-toggle:hover {
  color: var(--color-accent-light);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.abstract-toggle::before {
  content: "\25B8"; /* Right-pointing triangle */
  display: inline-block;
  margin-right: 0.35em;
  font-size: 0.75em;
  transition: transform var(--transition-base);
}

.abstract-toggle.is-open::before {
  transform: rotate(90deg);
}

.abstract-content {
  max-height: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: max-height var(--transition-slow), opacity var(--transition-slow),
    padding var(--transition-slow);
  opacity: 0;
}

.abstract-content.is-open {
  max-height: 600px;
  opacity: 1;
}

.abstract-content__inner {
  padding: var(--spacing-md) 0 var(--spacing-sm);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  line-height: 1.7;
  border-left: 2px solid var(--color-light-gray);
  padding-left: var(--spacing-lg);
}

/* Pure CSS collapsible via details/summary (alternative to JS) */
details.publication-abstract {
  margin-top: var(--spacing-sm);
}

details.publication-abstract summary {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--color-accent);
  cursor: pointer;
  list-style: none;
  transition: color var(--transition-fast);
}

details.publication-abstract summary::-webkit-details-marker {
  display: none;
}

details.publication-abstract summary::before {
  content: "\25B8";
  display: inline-block;
  margin-right: 0.35em;
  font-size: 0.75em;
  transition: transform var(--transition-base);
}

details.publication-abstract[open] summary::before {
  transform: rotate(90deg);
}

details.publication-abstract summary:hover {
  color: var(--color-accent-light);
  text-decoration: underline;
}

details.publication-abstract .abstract-text {
  padding: var(--spacing-md) 0 var(--spacing-sm);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  line-height: 1.7;
  border-left: 2px solid var(--color-light-gray);
  padding-left: var(--spacing-lg);
  animation: fadeIn var(--transition-slow) ease;
}

@keyframes fadeIn {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(-4px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Selected Works Highlight
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.selected-works {
  background-color: var(--color-accent-faint);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-accent-border);
  border-radius: 4px;
  padding: var(--spacing-xl);
  margin: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
}

.selected-works .section-title {
  margin-top: 0;
  border-bottom-color: var(--color-accent-border);
}

.selected-works .publication-entry {
  border-color: var(--color-accent-border);
  background-color: var(--color-white);
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Books Section
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.books-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(180px, 1fr));
  gap: var(--spacing-xl);
  margin-top: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.book-card {
  text-align: center;
}

.book-card__cover {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 180px;
  margin: 0 auto var(--spacing-sm);
  border-radius: 3px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1), 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.06);
  transition: transform var(--transition-base), box-shadow var(--transition-base);
}

.book-card:hover .book-card__cover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}

.book-card__title {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--color-heading);
  margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
  line-height: 1.35;
}

.book-card__title a {
  color: inherit;
}

.book-card__title a:hover {
  color: var(--color-accent);
}

.book-card__publisher {
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  color: var(--color-subtle);
}

.book-card__year {
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  color: var(--color-subtle);
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Research Page: Section & Project Cards
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.research-section {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-2xl);
}

.research-areas {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.research-card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0;
  padding: 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--color-mid-gray);
  border-radius: 4px;
  background-color: var(--color-white);
  overflow: hidden;
}

.research-card__image {
  width: 100%;
  height: 200px;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.research-card__content {
  flex: 1;
  padding: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.research-card__title {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--color-heading);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
}

.research-card__description {
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  line-height: 1.65;
}

/* Funded Projects - Distinct from research areas */
.funded-projects {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.funded-project-card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0;
  padding: 0;
  background-color: var(--color-light-gray);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-mid-gray);
  border-radius: 4px;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.funded-project-card__banner {
  width: 100%;
  height: 160px;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.funded-project-card__content {
  flex: 1;
  padding: var(--spacing-lg);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--color-accent);
}

/* CPR section - inline layout with small logo */
.cpr-card {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--spacing-lg);
  align-items: flex-start;
  padding: var(--spacing-lg);
  background-color: var(--color-light-gray);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-mid-gray);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--color-accent);
  border-radius: 4px;
}

.cpr-card__logo {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 60px;
  object-fit: contain;
}

.cpr-card__content {
  flex: 1;
}

.funded-project-card__title {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--color-heading);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
}

.funded-project-card__funder {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.8rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
  color: var(--color-accent);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.funded-project-card__description {
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.funded-project-card__period {
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--color-subtle);
  margin-top: var(--spacing-sm);
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Year Group Headings (Publication List)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/* Page intro text */
.publications-intro,
.research-intro {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.publications-intro a,
.research-intro a {
  font-weight: 500;
}

/* Books section spacing */
.books-section {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-2xl);
}

/* All publications section spacing */
.all-publications {
  margin-top: var(--spacing-2xl);
}

/* Other writing section */
.other-writing {
  margin-top: var(--spacing-2xl);
  padding-top: var(--spacing-lg);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--color-mid-gray);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  color: var(--color-muted);
}

.other-writing a {
  font-weight: 500;
}

.year-heading {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--color-subtle);
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  margin-top: var(--spacing-2xl);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
  padding-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-mid-gray);
}

.year-heading:first-child {
  margin-top: 0;
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Type Filters / Tabs (Publications page)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.pub-filters {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--spacing-sm);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.pub-filter-btn {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  padding: 0.4em 0.9em;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  background: var(--color-white);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
  border-radius: 20px;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}

.pub-filter-btn:hover {
  border-color: var(--color-accent);
  color: var(--color-accent);
}

.pub-filter-btn.is-active {
  background-color: var(--color-accent);
  border-color: var(--color-accent);
  color: var(--color-white);
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Site Footer
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.site-footer {
  padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--color-mid-gray);
  background-color: var(--color-off-white);
}

.site-footer .container {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--spacing-md);
}

.footer-text {
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--color-subtle);
}

.footer-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.footer-links a {
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--color-subtle);
  transition: color var(--transition-fast);
}

.footer-links a:hover {
  color: var(--color-accent);
  text-decoration: none;
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Prose Content (general text blocks)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.prose p {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.prose p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.prose ul,
.prose ol {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
  padding-left: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.prose ul {
  list-style: disc;
}

.prose ol {
  list-style: decimal;
}

.prose li {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.prose blockquote {
  border-left: 3px solid var(--color-mid-gray);
  padding-left: var(--spacing-lg);
  margin: var(--spacing-lg) 0;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-style: italic;
}

.prose strong {
  font-weight: 600;
}

.prose em {
  font-style: italic;
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Utility Classes
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
.sr-only {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border: 0;
}

.text-muted {
  color: var(--color-muted);
}

.text-small {
  font-size: 0.85rem;
}

.mt-0 { margin-top: 0; }
.mt-1 { margin-top: var(--spacing-md); }
.mt-2 { margin-top: var(--spacing-xl); }
.mt-3 { margin-top: var(--spacing-2xl); }
.mb-0 { margin-bottom: 0; }
.mb-1 { margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md); }
.mb-2 { margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl); }
.mb-3 { margin-bottom: var(--spacing-2xl); }


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Responsive: Tablet (max-width: 768px)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  html {
    font-size: 15px;
  }

  .site-title {
    font-size: 1.65rem;
  }

  .page-title {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
  }

  .section-title {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
  }

  /* Stack bio photo above text on tablet */
  .bio {
    flex-direction: column-reverse;
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
  }

  .bio-photo {
    width: 200px;
    order: 0;
  }

  /* Nav becomes hamburger menu */
  .nav-toggle {
    display: block;
    margin-left: auto;
  }

  .nav-list {
    display: none;
    flex-direction: column;
    width: 100%;
    padding-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
  }

  .nav-list.is-open {
    display: flex;
  }

  .site-nav .container {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
  }

  .nav-list a {
    padding: 0.65rem 0;
    border-bottom: none;
    border-left: 2px solid transparent;
    padding-left: var(--spacing-md);
  }

  .nav-list a:hover,
  .nav-list a.active,
  .nav-list a[aria-current="page"] {
    border-bottom: none;
    border-left-color: var(--color-accent);
  }

  /* Research/project banner images on tablet */
  .research-card__image {
    height: 160px;
  }

  .funded-project-card__banner {
    height: 120px;
  }

  .cpr-card {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
  }

  .page-nav {
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
    font-size: 0.82rem;
  }

  /* Books grid narrows */
  .books-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(140px, 1fr));
    gap: var(--spacing-lg);
  }

  /* Selected works padding adjusts */
  .selected-works {
    padding: var(--spacing-lg);
  }

  /* Latest paper item stacks */
  .latest-paper-item {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: var(--spacing-xs);
  }
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Responsive: Mobile (max-width: 480px)
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@media (max-width: 480px) {
  html {
    font-size: 14px;
  }

  .container {
    padding: 0 var(--spacing-md);
  }

  .site-header {
    padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0 var(--spacing-md);
  }

  .site-title {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
  }

  .bio-photo {
    width: 160px;
  }

  .publication-entry {
    padding: var(--spacing-md);
  }

  .featured-card {
    padding: var(--spacing-md) var(--spacing-lg);
  }

  .books-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
  }

  .publication-meta {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
  }

  .site-footer .container {
    flex-direction: column;
    text-align: center;
  }

  .footer-links {
    justify-content: center;
  }
}


/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Print Styles
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@media print {
  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    background: transparent !important;
    color: #000 !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
    text-shadow: none !important;
  }

  body {
    font-size: 11pt;
    line-height: 1.5;
  }

  .site-nav,
  .nav-toggle,
  .site-footer,
  .btn-pdf,
  .btn-link,
  .pub-filters,
  .abstract-toggle {
    display: none !important;
  }

  .container {
    max-width: 100%;
    padding: 0;
  }

  .site-header {
    border-bottom: 2px solid #000;
    padding-bottom: 0.5cm;
    margin-bottom: 0.5cm;
  }

  .site-title {
    font-size: 18pt;
  }

  a {
    text-decoration: underline;
  }

  a[href]::after {
    content: " (" attr(href) ")";
    font-size: 0.8em;
    color: #555 !important;
  }

  .nav-list a[href]::after,
  .footer-links a[href]::after {
    content: none;
  }

  .publication-entry {
    border: none;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;
    border-radius: 0;
    padding: 0.3cm 0;
    page-break-inside: avoid;
  }

  .abstract-content,
  details.publication-abstract .abstract-text {
    display: block;
    max-height: none;
    opacity: 1;
    border-left: 1px solid #999;
  }

  .bio-photo img {
    max-width: 150px;
  }

  .featured-card {
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    border-left: 3px solid #000;
  }

  .selected-works {
    border: 1px solid #999;
    background: none !important;
  }

  .award-badge {
    border: 1px solid #999;
  }

  h1, h2, h3, h4 {
    page-break-after: avoid;
  }

  .books-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  }
}